ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ZnO NANOPARTICLES AGAINST Corynebacterium diphtheriae AND Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Keywords:
Nanoparticles, Antimicrobial, BacteriaAbstract
Introduction: The threat to public health is represented by opportunistic or multidrug-resistant microorganisms responsible for several diseases and infections. According to the Ministry of Health, approximately 70% of hospital-acquired microorganisms that cause infections demonstrate resistance to at least one of the antibiotics commonly used to treat bacterial infections. Given this scenario, metal oxides, such as zinc at nanometric scales, have been widely studied due to their excellent antimicrobial properties. Objective: To synthesize and evaluate the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs-ZnO) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Materials and Methods: ZnO-NPs were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and their antibacterial activity by the agar diffusion (solid diffusion) technique. The nanoparticles were tested at concentrations of 50 mM and 100 mM in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 100 mM in deionized water. Results: The ZnO-NPs exhibited antibacterial activity against C. diphtheriae and P. aeruginosa, as evidenced by the formation of inhibition halos. This antimicrobial action may be related to mechanisms such as the release of zinc ions (Zn²⁺), the interaction of nanoparticles with the bacterial cell wall—compromising its integrity—and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that NPs-ZnO exhibits promising antimicrobial activity, as the formation of inhibition halos was observed in C. diphtheriae and P. aeruginosa at nontoxic concentrations. These findings suggest that zinc oxide nanoparticles hold potential for application in materials requiring biocidal properties.
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